A Qualitative Exploration of the Challenges Faced by Working Women in Balancing Career and Family Roles

Abstract

This study explores the lived experiences of working women in District Mansehra, Pakistan, focusing on their challenges in balancing career and family responsibilities. Using a qualitative approach with a phenomenological research design, data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. A total of 20 Participants were selected through purposive sampling to ensure diverse representation across professions, marital statuses, and family structures. Braun and Clarke’s six-step thematic analysis model was employed to analyze the data, revealing four key themes: time management struggles, workplace gender biases, societal expectations, and coping strategies. Findings indicate that participants faced chronic time constraints due to the dual burden of professional and domestic responsibilities, leading to exhaustion and stress. Workplace gender biases, including unequal promotion opportunities and inadequate maternity policies, further hindered career progression. Societal expectations and family pressures reinforced traditional gender roles, often compelling women to deprioritize their careers. Despite these challenges, participants adopted various coping strategies, such as spousal support, task delegation, and self-care, to manage their dual roles effectively. The study adhered to strict ethical guidelines, ensuring informed consent, confidentiality, and voluntary participation. Pseudonyms were used to protect identities, and interviews were conducted with sensitivity to prevent psychological distress.