Delay in Research Work among Doctoral Students: Examining the Role of Institutional and Supervisory Support

Abstract

Delays in doctoral research remain a critical challenge in Pakistan, undermining institutional performance and students’ academic progression. This study explored the relationship between institutional, supervisory support and the occurrence of research delays among doctoral candidates in Punjab. A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was employed. Quantitative data were collected from 176 doctoral candidates from 10 public and private universities using a structured questionnaire, while qualitative insights were obtained from 12 supervisee and 10 supervisors’ semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed through SPSS using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and thematic analysis. Findings revealed that institutional inefficiencies, such as bureaucratic processes and delayed evaluations, along with supervisory shortcomings including inadequate feedback, were the most significant barriers to timely completion This study concludes that doctoral research delays are strongly shaped by institutional support structures and supervisory support and the occurrence, with statistical evidence (r = .216, p < .01) confirming a significant relationship between negative supervisory practices and delayed completion. The study provides valuable insights to policymakers and higher education stakeholders to address barriers that hinder timely doctoral completion. It is recommended to design targeted strategies to strengthen supervisory support and institutional structures for improving PhD research productivity.