Sexual Harassment At Workplace: Comparative Analysis Of Legislative Laws And Their Implementation In Pakistan, India, US, And UK

Abstract

The sexual harassment is considered as negation of basic human rights throughout the world. Almost every developing country is striving to adopt a mechanism to introduce such policies that align well with the wellbeing of human especially women. Globalization has significantly increased women participation in the workplace; however, it has raised concerns regarding the human rights violations particularly sexual harassment at workplace and gender discrimination. This research paper undertakes an overview of evolution of the concept of workplace harassment in cross jurisdictional manner thus aims to provide a comparative study of all the regional or local laws implemented in compliance with the international policies and laws for the protection of females against the harassment and gender based discrimination. It further entails global standards on protection against discrimination or harassment at workplace along with the comparative analysis of enforcement mechanism of the national legal frameworks in-lined with the international standards across Pakistan, India, United States and United Kingdom. By drawing the statutory provisions, judicial precedents and international obligations, with particular reference to Pakistan, this paper evaluates distinctive approach on the harassment laws encompassing various recommendations and suggestions in consideration of the loopholes in the enacted laws that necessitate the reforms.