US WITHDRAWAL FROM AFGHANISTAN IN 21ST CENTURY

Abstract

The departure of the United States from Afghanistan in the 21st century signifies a substantial shift in the geopolitical environment and in U.S. foreign policy. The withdrawal of U.S. forces came after 20 years’ initiation by the invasion of Afghanistan in 2001 which ended the United States longest war in August 2021. This article investigates the main contributing factors that arrived at the decision to withdraw that included domestic political pressure, political and security recalibrations, and changes to the security environment. This article will also examine and analyze the ramifications from the withdrawal relating to the rapid collapse of the Afghan government   and the resulting humanitarian crisis. This research examines the impacts of US withdrawal from Afghanistan on south Asian countries. The Methodology of this research will be mostly qualitative based on secondary data which will help to examine the withdrawal impacts on Afghanistan.