Attitudes and Perceptions of Non-Punjabi Speakers Toward the Punjabi Language

Abstract

In a multilingual sociolinguistic setting in Pakistan, this study examines how non-Punjabi speakers feel about the Punjabi language. A structured questionnaire given to thirty non-Punjabi speakers and semi-structured interviews with chosen participants were used in a mixed-methods approach to gather data. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze quantitative data and thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative responses. The results show that non-Punjabi speakers recognize Punjabi as a significant regional language with rich historical and cultural significance and they typically have positive cultural and emotional attitudes toward the language. However, Punjabi is generally regarded as less formal and prestigious especially when compared to Urdu and English and is deemed inappropriate for formal and academic contexts. Two major factors influencing these perceptions were found to be social stereotypes and a lack of institutional support. In order to advance linguistic equality in Pakistan the study underlines the complexity and diversity of language attitudes as well as the necessity of inclusive language policies and increased institutional recognition of Punjabi.